Birth
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Labour and birth in water

Warm water can help you relax and move freely in labour, and many birth centres and hospitals have a pool. Here is what the research found, and how to ask for one.

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Water birth

In short

01

Why water helps

Warm water supports your weight and can ease pain. Some people need less other pain relief.

02

What the research found

The large UK POOL study looked at tens of thousands of births. For women with low-risk pregnancies, birth in water was not linked with more harm to babies.

03

Who it suits

Usually people with a healthy, low-risk pregnancy. Your midwife will tell you if it suits you.

04

Plan ahead

Ask early if your birth place has a pool, and what happens if it is in use.

Why water helps

Warm water supports your weight, helps you relax and lets you move freely. Many people find it eases pain.

Using a pool in labour is linked with less need for an epidural. Some people labour in the pool and get out to give birth.

What the research found

The UK POOL study looked at tens of thousands of births. For women with healthy, low-risk pregnancies, giving birth in water was not linked with more harm to babies.

It also did not find more serious tears for women who gave birth in water.

Who it suits

Water birth usually suits people with a healthy, low-risk pregnancy at term. Your midwife will tell you if it suits you.

It may not be advised if you have certain health conditions, need continuous monitoring, or have had certain drugs for pain.

How to plan for a pool

Ask early whether your birth place has pools and what happens if they are in use. Some people hire a pool for a home birth.

Your midwife will keep an eye on the water temperature and on your baby’s heartbeat with a waterproof device.

Based on the POOL cohort study (UK) and NHS guidance on water birth. Mia teaches. Your midwife knows you best.

Sources: POOL study (UK, 2023) on waterbirth safety · NHS: Where to give birth · NICE guideline NG235: Intrapartum care

Good to know

Can I have pain relief in the pool?

Gas and air, yes. For an epidural you leave the pool.

Do I have to give birth in the water?

No. Many people labour in the pool and give birth outside it.

When can I get in?

Usually once labour is well established. Getting in too early may slow things down for some people.

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